Cardiac Tests for Children: What Parents Need to Know

When Are Cardiac Tests Needed?

Doctors may recommend cardiac tests for children who:

• Have symptoms like chest pain, dizziness, or palpitations: These tests help uncover the cause of these symptoms.
• Have a family history of heart disease: Knowing if any heart issues might be inherited is valuable for early care.
• Are born with congenital heart disease: Regular monitoring can track their heart’s growth and development.
• If you are being treated for a heart condition, testing will show how well your treatments are working and whether any changes are needed.
• Need a pre-surgery assessment: To ensure the heart can handle the procedure safely.
• Have certain chronic health conditions: Some conditions, like kidney disease, can affect the heart, so regular checks are useful.

Benefits of Cardiac Testing for Children

Cardiac tests help parents and doctors by:

• Detecting issues early: Early diagnosis can make a big difference in managing a heart condition.
• Preventing future problems: Identifying concerns before they worsen helps keep your child’s heart as healthy as possible.
• Guiding treatment plans: Testing gives doctors the information they need to make treatment as effective as possible.
• Reassurance: If your child is at risk for heart issues, testing can reassure you or catch anything that needs attention.

Common Types of Cardiac Tests for Kids

• 12-Lead ECG (Electrocardiogram): This test records the heart’s electrical activity to check for rhythm issues, like irregular beats or signs of stress on the heart. It’s quick, painless, and involves placing small sticky electrodes on the chest, arms, and legs.
• Echocardiogram (Echo): An echocardiogram uses ultrasound to create images of your child’s heart, showing how well the heart’s chambers, valves, and blood flow are working. It’s non-invasive, safe, and doesn’t hurt. Children just lie still while a small device is moved over their chest.
• Holter Monitoring: If your child has irregular heartbeats or symptoms that don’t show up during a short test, a Holter monitor records their heart’s rhythm over 24-48 hours. The child wears a small, portable device that tracks the heart’s activity and can continue with most regular activities while wearing it.
• Exercise Stress Test: If a doctor needs to see how your child’s heart performs during physical activity, they may recommend an exercise stress test. Your child will walk or run on a treadmill while connected to monitors. This test is supervised to make sure your child stays safe.
• 3D Imaging (CT or MRI): These imaging tests provide detailed pictures of your child’s heart, which is especially helpful for complex heart structures. A cardiac MRI uses magnetic fields to capture clear images, while a cardiac CT scan uses X-rays and sometimes contrast dye to highlight blood vessels. MRI is generally used more often for children, as it avoids radiation.

Preparing Your Child for Cardiac Tests

Preparation will vary by test type, but here are some general tips:

• Talk to your child: Explaining the test in simple terms can help them feel more comfortable. Describe the test as a “picture” or “video” of their heart.
• Wear comfortable clothes: For tests with physical activity, dress your child in loose clothing and supportive shoes.
• Avoid lotions on the chest: If electrodes will be placed on the chest (such as for ECG or Holter), avoid lotions or oils that might interfere with the adhesive.
• Bring comfort items: A favourite toy or blanket can help your child feel more at ease, especially for imaging tests that require them to lie still.

What to Expect During Cardiac Tests

Each test is a little different, but here’s a quick look at what you and your child can generally expect:

• 12-Lead ECG: Small stickers are placed on the chest, arms, and legs, and the heart’s activity is recorded. This takes just a few minutes.
• Echocardiogram: A technician uses an ultrasound wand with gel on your child’s chest to capture heart images. They may ask your child to change positions or hold their breath briefly.
• Holter Monitoring: Electrodes are attached to the chest and connected to a small, wearable monitor. Your child wears it for a day or two, recording their heart’s rhythm during everyday activities.
• Exercise Stress Test: Your child will walk on a treadmill while connected to monitors. The test gradually becomes more challenging, but it’s closely supervised.

After the Cardiac Test

• Immediate results for some tests: ECGs often give immediate results, but imaging results might take a few days.
• Minor discomfort: Your child may have mild skin irritation for tests with electrodes. Contrast dye in a CT scan may cause a warm feeling or funny taste, which disappears quickly.
• Doctor’s consultation: Your child’s doctor will explain the results and discuss any next steps. They might suggest follow-up tests, adjustments in treatment, or reassurance that your child’s heart is doing well.

Are Cardiac Tests Safe for Children?

Yes, most cardiac tests are safe and designed to minimise discomfort. Non-invasive tests, like ECGs and echocardiograms, carry no risk, while imaging tests like CT scans are used carefully to avoid unnecessary radiation. Pediatric cardiologists ensure that each test is appropriate for your child’s age and heart needs.



Why Cardiac Tests Are Important for Kids with Heart Conditions

Cardiac tests provide vital information for your child’s health. Early detection and regular monitoring help doctors understand any changes in your child’s heart, guiding the best possible care. If your child has a heart condition, these tests are essential in ensuring that they stay healthy, manage their condition well, and prevent complications as they grow.

Regular cardiac testing can help ensure a healthy future for children with heart concerns. It allows you and their healthcare team to monitor their heart health closely.